MARGAL Prototype Demonstration - Port Applications Scenario Overview The first of two presentations set out three potential problem areas as a vessel navigates through port and harbour approach water: poor visibility, alignment when docking, and obstructions in the port approach Figure 1&2:  The scenario of a disabled vessel (shown in red) in the deep water channel resulting in a reduction in the channel width. The second presentation took the issue of an obstruction in the waterway and identified where Galileo could benefit the mariner. In this case, the scenario was a vessel navigating the deep-water channel, which failed and became an obstruction, greatly reducing the width of the channel, as shown in Fig. 1.  In the scenario, a second vessel could not safely navigate around this obstruction using GPS-alone due to the limited accuracy. By using the enhanced accuracy provided by Galileo in a stand-alone, Open Service mode, the mariner is provided with greater accuracy, 4 m horizontal as opposed to 13 m, and has the potential to safely navigate around an obstruction. Therefore a service differentiator was established. This concept was developed to enable the local VTS to inform the mariner of an obstruction as they approach the port. It would allow the VTS to suggest an alternative route around the obstruction, enabling the vessel to navigate safely into the port, as well as enabling the port to remain operational. This concept was further enhanced to propose routing vessels within the port. The local VTS could suggest routes as part of the traffic management service.  This has the potential to enhance vessel safety and efficiency of the port Demonstration Description The demonstration put the focus on navigation within the port, and the potential for the local VTS to provide the mariner with navigational information direct to their electronic chart display (ECDIS), shown in figures 3, 4 and 5. By using the enhanced accuracy provided by Galileo, vessels could navigate about the restricted waters in a port with more confidence in their position, especially when they are using integrity, through whatever means. In the scenario, the local VTS provides the mariner with a route through the port, which is displayed directly on the bridge and includes key waypoints for the vessel to follow, as shown in figure 3. Given the scenario that the route has to change, whether due to an obstruction ahead or to allow another vessel to pass (fig. 4), then the route can be changed and updated on the ECDIS (fig. 5). The means of the data transfer was the AIS data channel in the case of the demonstration, using the MarGal prototype functionality. Figure 3: Proposed example of what could be seen on the masters ECDIS display, clearly showing the projected path of THL Ready (yellow trace) with waypoints marked. Figure 4: The scenario changes as THV Mermaid (green trace) needs to depart the port and requires the centre of the deep-water channel causing a conflict with the path for THL Ready (proposed ECDIS map). Figure 5: In response to THV Mermaid’s request to depart, the local VTS could re-route THL Ready along an alternative route, safe for her to navigate – leaving the deep-water channel clear (proposed ECDIS map). The topic of using Galileo to provide enhanced accuracy and the topic of the VTS providing guidance or routes resulted in a lively and heated debate that took place between members of the audience. The main concern being the improvements for the mariner in terms of how Galileo and EGNOS will benefit them along with the issue of responsibility for the route the vessel would take and liability should the vessel ground or become damaged due to taking a route suggested by the VTS. Figure 6: THV Mermaid (Large white vessel) and THL Ready (small red vessel) take part in the port and harbour approach demonstration